The UN, the Law, and the Limits of Power

Summary of Episode 8:

In Episode 8 of IR Unfiltered, we explore a big question in international relations: can the United Nations and its legal system really hold countries accountable, especially when they cannot enforce rules with force?

The UN does not have its own army or police force. It cannot force countries to obey. Still, many nations continue to sign treaties, follow rules, and appear before global courts. Why does this happen?

We delve into the workings of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) and the International Criminal Court (ICC). The ICJ settles disputes between countries, like the case between Thailand and Cambodia over a border temple. The ICC focuses on individuals, charging leaders with crimes such as genocide and war crimes.

We also look at customary international law, which is the informal expectations that most countries follow, like not attacking diplomats or embassies. These unwritten rules shape global behaviour through pressure and reputation, even without formal punishment.

The episode also covers UN peacekeeping missions. These missions aim to protect civilians and maintain peace in conflict zones, including places like South Sudan, Rwanda, and the Democratic Republic of Congo. Though not always perfect, their presence often helps prevent violence from escalating.

At a time when many countries are choosing to act alone rather than cooperate, global law and institutions are being tested. But if we give up on them, the world risks slipping into greater disorder.

International law is not flawless, but it remains one of the few systems we have to encourage fairness, prevent abuse, and create a shared sense of responsibility. Understanding how it works is the first step toward making it stronger.